NEW YORK, Aug 4: A new study suggests that regular aspirin use may significantly reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, particularly for individuals with unhealthy lifestyles. Colorectal cancer remains the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with over 52,500 predicted deaths in the US for 2023 and a rising incidence among those under 55.

The research, published in JAMA Oncology, analyzed data from over 107,655 participants in the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. It found that regular aspirin use—defined as two or more regular-strength aspirin or six or more low-dose aspirin per week—was associated with an 18% lower risk of developing colorectal cancer.

The greatest benefit was observed in participants with risk factors such as smoking or a body mass index (BMI) over 25. The study's lead author, Dr. Daniel Sikavi, highlighted that aspirin could reduce the elevated cancer risk in those with multiple risk factors, though its effect was less pronounced in individuals with healthier lifestyles.

The study, which tracked participants for at least a decade, did not determine the exact mechanism behind aspirin’s effectiveness but suggested it might involve inhibition of pro-inflammatory signals. The findings suggest that while aspirin has shown benefits, its use should be tailored based on individual lifestyle risks.

Despite these promising results, the study has limitations as it was not a randomized clinical trial. Experts like Dr. Christina Annunziata from the American Cancer Society caution that more research is needed and that lifestyle changes remain crucial for cancer risk reduction. Dr. Raymond DuBois of the Hollings Cancer Center noted that the study provides valuable insights into who might benefit most from aspirin.

Dr. Jennifer Davids from Boston Medical Center emphasizes that while aspirin is a potentially beneficial option for some, it is not a substitute for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. She advises consulting with a healthcare provider before starting any new medication regimen.