NEW YORK, Dec 2: As respiratory virus season peaks, it’s the time when catching a cold seems inevitable. The average adult gets two to three colds per year, so it’s important to know what to do to lower your risk, such as washing your hands. However, there are many myths surrounding colds, including how to prevent and treat them. Dr. Thomas Russo, professor and chief of infectious disease at the University at Buffalo, frequently addresses these misconceptions. Let’s break down some of the biggest myths about the common cold.

Myth 1: There’s only one virus behind the common cold

You may catch a cold multiple times in a season, even after just getting over one. This is because there are over 200 viruses that can cause a cold, not just one. According to the CDC, rhinoviruses are the most common cause of colds in the U.S., but other viruses include human coronaviruses, parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, and human metapneumovirus. While the flu, RSV, and COVID-19 can cause cold-like symptoms, they do not actually cause a cold.

Myth 2: Going out with wet hair increases your risk of catching a cold

A common belief is that walking outside with wet hair makes you more likely to get a cold, but this isn’t true. “Colds are caused by viruses, and the fact that you have a wet head or are feeling chilly doesn’t matter to the virus,” says Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease specialist at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. Studies have shown that people who were exposed to cold, damp conditions had the same infection rates as those who were warm and dry.

Myth 3: Vitamin C can prevent a cold

With vitamin C supplements prominently displayed in stores, many people believe they can prevent colds with regular use. However, research doesn't support this. A study involving over 11,000 people found that taking vitamin C regularly did not reduce the frequency of colds. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) states that vitamin C supplements do not prevent the common cold. While some studies suggest that vitamin C may reduce the severity and duration of a cold, there is no data to support its effectiveness in preventing one.

Myth 4: You can only get a cold in winter

Although colds are more common in the winter, you can get one year-round. The CDC notes that most people catch colds between September and May, but it’s possible to get a cold during the summer too. “Viruses are always around,” says Dr. Russo, explaining that while rhinoviruses are common throughout the year, summer colds are usually caused by enteroviruses.

Myth 5: Antibiotics can treat a cold

Antibiotics are often thought to treat colds, but they’re only effective against bacterial infections, not viruses. “Antibiotics will do nothing to treat your cold,” says Dr. Russo. Overusing antibiotics can cause side effects and contribute to antibiotic resistance. If your cold symptoms worsen or you develop a sore throat and fever, it’s best to contact a doctor for a proper evaluation, as conditions like bronchitis, strep, or pneumonia could be the cause.

Understanding these myths can help you manage colds better and avoid unnecessary treatments. If in doubt, it’s always a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional.