WASHINGTON, Feb 1: In a marathon session before the Senate Judiciary Committee, the nation's leading social media executives faced intense scrutiny on Wednesday regarding the mental health risks and accusations of failure to protect children from exploitation and abuse on their platforms.

CEOs representing major digital platforms, including Meta, TikTok, Snap, and X, acknowledged shortcomings during the four-hour grilling. They also emphasized efforts to address concerns while defending against some criticisms.

In a notable moment, Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg stood up to issue a direct apology to families affected by the dark sides of these platforms. However, the key question remains unanswered: Will Congress take action and impose new regulations on these platforms, given the bipartisan consensus seen among senators?

The Senate Judiciary Committee, aiming to garner support for federal legislation safeguarding children online, heard from Linda Yaccarino of X, Shou Chew of TikTok, Evan Spiegel of Snap, and Jason Citron of Discord.

The hearing took place against the backdrop of escalating concerns about the dangers young people face online. The rise in daily cyber tips related to child sexual abuse material, reaching 100,000 daily reports in 2023, underscores the urgency of addressing the issue.

U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy's recent advisory warned of the potential harm to young people's mental health associated with social media use. Parents present at the hearing served as direct evidence of both issues, according to senators.

Republican Sen. Lindsey Graham of South Carolina addressed Zuckerberg, stating, "Mr. Zuckerberg, you and the companies before us -- I know you don't mean it to be so, but you have blood on your hands." This comment received applause from families holding photos of their affected children.

Later in the hearing, Republican Sen. Josh Hawley of Missouri called on Zuckerberg to apologize directly to the families in the room. Zuckerberg responded with an apology, expressing empathy for the suffering families have endured.

Chairman Dick Durbin, D-Ill., described online child exploitation as a "crisis in America" fueled by rapid technological changes empowering predators. Graham acknowledged the positive aspects of social media but emphasized the need to address its dark side.

In response, the CEOs highlighted actions taken to alleviate problems. Meta announced plans to hide inappropriate content for teens and pushed for age verification. Snap and X CEOs endorsed the bipartisan Kids Online Safety Act, while TikTok pledged to invest an additional $2 billion in safety.

On the topic of mental health, particularly the impact on young girls, Zuckerberg pushed back on claims of a direct link between social media use and adverse mental health outcomes. Senators pressed Zuckerberg to acknowledge the inherent dangers young people face online.

Snap CEO Evan Spiegel expressed "profound sorrow" over the misuse of Snapchat causing harm, endorsing the Kids Online Safety Act to provide legal pathways for those harmed by social media.

While legislative efforts at the national level have faced challenges, state legislators have introduced over 100 bills across the country to regulate children's interactions with social media. The CEOs committed to collaborating on legislation, but consensus on specific bills remains elusive.